Ibikoresho bya Aluminium
Abantu benshi bakunze gutekereza ko icyuma aricyo cyuma cyinshi cyane mubutaka bwisi.Mu byukuri, aluminium nicyuma cyinshi cyane mubutaka bwisi, gikurikirwa nicyuma.Aluminum ihwanye na 7.45% byuburemere bwubutaka bwisi, hafi kabiri nk'icyuma! Isi yuzuyemo ibice bya aluminiyumu, nk'ubutaka busanzwe, burimo aside nyinshi ya aluminium, Al2O3.Ubutare bw'ingenzi ni bauxite. Kubaho kwa bauxite ku isi birashobora kugabanywa mu byiciro bitatu: Cenozoic ububiko bwa latite kubutare bwa silicike, bingana na 80% byububiko bwisi yose; ububiko bwa karstic Paleozoic buboneka hejuru yigitare cya karubone bugera kuri 12% byububiko bwisi yose; Paleozoic (cyangwa Mesozoic) Chihewen yabitswe hejuru yubutaka, bingana na 2% byububiko bwisi yose.
Imiterere ya aluminium
Aluminium numunyamuryango wa silver na malleable yibintu bya chimique boron groupe.
Aluminium yabaye icyuma gikoreshwa cyane kitari ferrous kubera kurwanya ruswa bitewe na passivation, ubucucike buke, impagarara nke ndetse no kuba ikora ibibyimba birimo imiti itandukanye nka muringa, zinc, manganese, silicon na magnesium, bifite byinshi kunoza imiterere yubukanishi.Aluminum nicyuma gito kitabaho muri kamere nkibintu byibanze, ariko muburyo bwa oxyde ya aluminium (Al2O3).Al2O3 ifite aho ishonga cyane kandi ntabwo byoroshye kugabanywa, bigatuma aluminiyumu yavumbuwe bitinze.Mu 1825, umuhanga wo muri Danemarike Ostete yagabanije chloride ya anhydrous aluminium hamwe na potasiyumu amalgam, miligarama nkeya za aluminium.
Mu 1954, umuhanga w’umufaransa De Vere yashoboye gukoresha uburyo bwo kugabanya sodium kugirango abone aluminium yicyuma, ariko aluminium yicyuma yakozwe nuburyo bwa chimique ihenze kuruta zahabu, kandi ikoreshwa gusa mugukora ingofero, ibikoresho byo kumeza, ibikinisho nibindi bintu byakoreshejwe na Napoleon umuryango wibwami. Hamwe noguhimba uburyo bwo gushonga Hall-Heru hamwe nuburyo bwa Bayer bwo gukora alumina, aluminium yatangiye gukoreshwa cyane mu mpera zikinyejana cya 19. Kugeza uyu munsi, ubu buryo bubiri buracyari ingenzi (mubyukuri hafi yonyine) uburyo bwo gukora aluminium na alumina.
Umusaruro wa Aluminium
Aluminiyumu irimo ibintu byinshi cyane mubintu bisanzwe, inganda nyamukuru kubutare bwa bauxite, bauxite kubikorwa bya bayer nko gutunganya inzira ya alumina, alumina na electrolytike ya aluminium yashonga nka (izwi kandi nka aluminium), bityo inganda za aluminium murwego rwo hejuru rwinganda irashobora kugabanywamo ubucukuzi bwa bauxite, gutunganya alumina - amasano atatu nko gushonga aluminium, muri rusange, toni enye za bauxite zishobora gutanga toni ebyiri za alumina, nazo zishobora gutanga toni imwe ya aluminiyumu yambere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-15-2021