Twese tuzi ko mugukora imyirondoro ya aluminium, inyungu = kugurisha ukuyemo ibiciro byumusaruro.Ibiciro byose byerekana umwirondoro wa aluminiyumu bigabanijwemo igiciro cyagenwe nigiciro gihinduka.Ibiciro byagenwe nko gukodesha ibihingwa, guta agaciro kwimashini, nibindi .Birakosowe.Kandi ibiciro bihinduka bifite byinshi bihinduka.
Ku bijyanye n’igiciro kimwe cyo kugurisha umwirondoro wa aluminiyumu, igiciro kinini cy’umwirondoro wa aluminiyumu, niko inyungu igabanuka. Kugeza ubu, mu bihe bibi by’izamuka ry’ibiciro fatizo by’ibiciro fatizo, umushahara w’abakozi, kuzamuka kw’amafaranga, kuzamura ibiciro by’ingufu, kongera umutwaro wimisoro nibindi, amarushanwa muruganda rumwe yinjiye muri "cyera-ashyushye" uyumunsi. Igihe kirageze cyo kugenzura neza ibiciro.
Kugenzura ibiciro nurufunguzo uruganda ruyobora nurufatiro.Gusa gusa guhora ushakisha ihuza ridakomeye, ubucukuzi bwimbere mu gihugu, burashobora gukoresha inzira zose nuburyo bwo kugabanya ibiciro, uruhare rwuzuye, guhera kubirambuye, guhera kugabanya imyanda, aluminium byiza kugirango ishyirwa mubikorwa ryigenzura ryibiciro, irashobora kwagura neza umwanya wokubaho kwinganda, kuzamura imicungire yimishinga, gutuma uruganda rutera imbere birambye, kandi ruri mumwanya udasanzwe.
Kugenzura ibiciro bya aluminiyumu bishingiye ku ruhererekane rw'agaciro nk'uyobora, kugenzura ibiciro bigabanijwe mu gishushanyo mbonera, igiciro cy'amasoko, igiciro cyo gukora, igiciro cyo kugurisha n'igiciro cya serivisi.Kuko kugenzura ibiciro birimo ahantu hanini, ibirimo ni byinshi.Nzavuga bijyanye nuburyo bwo kuzamura igipimo cyibicuruzwa byarangiye duhereye ku nganda kugirango ugabanye ibiciro byumusaruro.
Binyuze mu gusesengura amakuru no mu myitozo, byagaragaye ko kuzamura umusaruro wa aluminium alloy profil ari bumwe mu buryo butaziguye kandi bunoze bwo kugabanya igiciro cy'umusaruro.Dufashe nk'urugero rwo gukuramo ibicuruzwa, ikiguzi cy'umusaruro wibikoresho bya aluminiyumu kizagabanukaho 25-30 Yuu kuri toni niba umusaruro wiyongereyeho ijanisha rimwe, naho igice cyagabanijwe ninyungu rusange yikigo.Kuzamura ibicuruzwa. umusaruro, umurimo wo kubyara ni ukugabanya imyanda yo gukuramo.
Nigute wazamura umusaruro wa profili ya aluminiyumu kugirango ugabanye imyanda ya aluminiyumu, kuzamura umusaruro, no kugabanya igiciro cy’umusaruro wa profili ya aluminium, twavuze muri make imyanda yasohotse:
Imyanda ya aluminiyumu yakuweho imyirondoro irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: imyanda ya geometrike n’imyanda ya tekiniki. Imyanda ya geometrike ni ibicuruzwa bidashobora kwirindwa biva mu mwirondoro wa aluminiyumu mu gihe cyo gusohora.Nkuko nko gusohora ibikoresho bisigaye, kurambura ibicuruzwa ku mpande zombi za chuck, ingano yibikoresho ntabwo ari uburebure buhagije bwuburebure bwibintu byatereranywe, gabanya icyitegererezo gikenewe, shunt hamwe ipfira mucyumba cya shunt cya blok ya aluminiyumu isigaye, ingots nibicuruzwa bigabanya ubunini bwibikoresho by-icyuma. gukoresha chip ya aluminiyumu hamwe na aluminiyumu ikoreshwa mugihe cyo kwipimisha.
Imyanda ya tekiniki ni imyanda ikorwa nikoranabuhanga ridafite ishingiro, ibibazo byibikoresho nigikorwa kidakwiye cyabakozi mugikorwa cyo gutunganya umwirondoro wa aluminium aliyumu. Bitandukanye n’ibicuruzwa biva mu myanda ya geometrike, birashobora gutsinda no gukuraho neza umusaruro w’imyanda ya tekiniki binyuze mu kuzamura tekiniki no gushimangira imiyoborere .Imyanda ya tekiniki irashobora kugabanywamo:
Ibicuruzwa biva mu myanda: gutwika cyane, impeta yuzuye ingano, ingano nini, kugabanuka umurizo, gushyiramo slag, nibindi.
Ibikoresho bya mashini imyanda itujuje ibyangombwa: imbaraga, ubukana ni buke cyane, ntibujuje ubuziranenge bwigihugu;cyangwa plastike ni mike cyane, ntabwo koroshya bihagije bitujuje ibyangombwa bya tekiniki.
Ibicuruzwa biva mu butaka: ibice, ibibyimba, ibisakuzo, ibishishwa bya orange, ingingo za tissue, ibibara byirabura, umurongo wo gusudira muremure, umurongo wo gusudira uhinduranya, gushushanya, gukanda ibyuma, nibindi.
Ibicuruzwa biva mu bipimo bya geometrike: umuraba, kugoreka, kugoreka, gukuraho indege, ingano kubera kwihanganira, nibindi.
Igipimo cyibicuruzwa byarangiye kugabana igipimo cyumurimo cyibicuruzwa byarangiye n'umusaruro wuzuye.
Igipimo cya aluminiyumu cyarangiye muri rusange bivuga inzira nyamukuru, mubisanzwe bishingiye kumahugurwa nkigice cyo kubara. Igikorwa cyo gufata (amahugurwa ya casting), inzira yo gukuramo (inzira yo gukuramo), uburyo bwo gusiga amabara ya okiside (amahugurwa ya okiside), uburyo bwo gutera ifu (amahugurwa yo gutera ) .Bisobanuwe nkikigereranyo cyibisubizo byujuje ibisabwa byamahugurwa no kwinjiza ibikoresho fatizo (cyangwa ibicuruzwa bitarangiye) mumahugurwa.
Igipimo cyibicuruzwa byarangiye bifitanye isano nubwiza bwibikoresho, ubwiza bwa ingot, imiterere yibicuruzwa, inshuro zimpinduka zubwoko nibisobanuro, urwego rwambere rwikoranabuhanga, urwego rwo gucunga imishinga nubwiza bwabakora nibindi bintu.
Urufunguzo rwo kuzamura umusaruro wa aluminium alloy imyirondoro ni ukugabanya no gukuraho imyanda. Imyanda ya geometrike ntishobora kwirindwa, ariko irashobora kugabanywa. Imyanda ya tekiniki ni ikintu cyumuntu, gishobora kuvaho buri kibazo cyangwa kigabanijwe .Nuko rero, kugenzura neza no kunoza umusaruro wibicuruzwa biva hanze birashobora kwemerwa.
Kugabanya imyanda ya geometrike nikintu cyingenzi gisabwa kugirango tuzamure umusaruro wibicuruzwa byarangiye
Ingamba zo kugabanya imyanda ya geometrike
Guhitamo neza uburebure bwa ingot nicyo gipimo nyamukuru cyo kugabanya imyanda yatunganijwe.Uburebure bwa ingot ntibubarwa nyuma yo gusohora, ahubwo bubarwa nyuma yo gusohora.
Ubu ibigo byinshi bifashisha inkoni ndende ishyushye ya aluminiyumu yo gushyushya itanura, ugereranije nitanura rito ryo gushyushya inkoni, kugabanya igihombo cya chipine ya aluminium, kubera ihinduka ryubukuta bwurukuta rwibumba, kugenzura uburebure bwa casting biroroshye guhinduka kandi neza, bitezimbere cyane umusaruro.Ariko ibigo byinshi mukoresha itanura rishyushye rikozwe mu itanura rishyushye, wirengagize kubara uburebure bwa casting, hanyuma uhite utanga akazi kubakoresha kugirango bagenzure.Kandi uyikoresha akenshi ashingira kuburambe munsi yumurongo wambere, reba kuri uburebure bwibikoresho, niba itandukaniro ari rinini, komeza uhindure, mubisanzwe ukenera utubari tugera kuri 3 kugirango tubone uburebure nyabwo.Mu nzira, imyanda myinshi yarakozwe, ibyo bigabanya umusaruro n’umusaruro.
Uburyo bwiza ni uko uburebure bwa ingot bubarwa nishami rishinzwe kugenzura ibikorwa mugihe cyambere cyatangijwe.Iyo ifumbire ikorewe kuri mashini inshuro nyinshi, uburebure bwinkoni yanditswe ku ikarita yububiko bwiyongereyeho gato nka 5-10mm, kandi uburebure bwibikoresho buraboneka mugihe ibikoresho byakozwe. Kuringaniza neza niba bihari itandukaniro.Nuko rero inkoni ya kabiri irasobanutse neza. Ukurikije amakuru amwe, umusaruro wibicuruzwa byarangiye urashobora kwiyongeraho amanota 4 ku ijana ukoresheje inkweto ndende zishyushye, kandi birashoboka rwose ko umusaruro wiyongera ku manota 2 kugeza kuri 3 ku ijana umusaruro.
Mubyongeyeho, umubare wuburebure bwagenwe cyangwa uburebure bwibicuruzwa, kugirango ubashe kwemeza imikorere ikorwa neza hashingiwe ku gusohora.Iyo uburebure bwigitanda gikonje ari kirekire bihagije, ongera uburebure bwubunini bwagenwe cyangwa uburebure bwibicuruzwa ibishoboka byose, ni ukuvuga, ingot ndende irashobora gutorwa.Nuburyo nuburyo bwiza bwo kugabanya ijanisha ryimyanda ya geometrike no kongera umusaruro wibicuruzwa byarangiye.
Ingamba zo kuzamura igipimo cyibicuruzwa byarangiye kuva kurwego rwa tekiniki
Nigipimo cyingenzi cya tekiniki yo kuzamura igipimo cyibicuruzwa byarangiye kugirango uzamure urwego rwibishushanyo mbonera no gukora no kugabanya Ibihe byikizamini. Muri rusange ntabwo iki gipimo cyibizamini cyatwaye ingero 1-3, kuburyo umusaruro wagabanutse 0.5-1 , igihombo, ariko nanone kubera ibizamini byageragejwe, bizongera umusaruro.
Igeragezwa rya kijyambere rya zeru igezweho, ni ukuvuga, nyuma yububiko bwakozwe, nta mpamvu yo kugerageza ibishushanyo, urashobora guhita kuri mashini kugirango ubyare ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge. Ukoresheje porogaramu ishushanya, isesengura ryibintu bitagira ingano, igishushanyo gishobora kurangizwa muri mudasobwa. Irashobora kandi kugeragezwa no kwigana mudasobwa. Gutunganya imyanda myinshi birangirira mu kigo cyogukora imashini, gutunganya ibumba byose birasobanutse neza, kubwibyo ubwiza bwibibumbano buri hejuru cyane.Ku gipimo cyo gutsinda imashini kirenze 90% .Bishobora kongera umusaruro wibicuruzwa byarangiye 2-6%.
Wongere muburyo bukwiye coefficient ya aluminium kugirango wongere umusaruro
Buri ruganda rwa aluminiyumu rufite urukurikirane rwimashini, buri ruganda ukurikije igipimo cyo gusohora ibicuruzwa, uburebure bwigitanda gikonje, igice cyinyuma cyibicuruzwa, uburebure bwa diameter ya silinderi, kugirango hamenyekane ibicuruzwa kumashini ijyanye umusaruro.Imyitozo yerekanye ko ibisobanuro bimwe byibicuruzwa, bishyirwa mubikorwa bitandukanye bya tonnage yo gukuramo imashini, kubera koeffisente itandukanye yo gusohora, imiterere yimikorere yibicuruzwa nibikorwa byiza bigira ingaruka zikomeye, umusaruro wacyo nawo uzatanga itandukaniro.Iyo Uwiteka imashini yo gukuramo tonnage nini, coefficient yo gukuramo nini, igipimo cyibicuruzwa cyarangiye kiri hejuru, kandi ikiguzi cyo gusohora kiri hafi.
Kuzamura ubwiza bwa ingot nigitekerezo cyo kuzamura umusaruro
Ingots nibikoresho fatizo byo kubyara ibicuruzwa.Ingots zifite imiterere imwe, ibinyampeke byiza, nta shitingi, imyenge, gutandukanya, gucamo nizindi nenge, zidashobora kugabanya umuvuduko wogusohora gusa, kuzamura umuvuduko wo gusohora, no kuzamura ubwiza bwimbere bwibicuruzwa.Kandi birashobora kugabanya ibicuruzwa biva hejuru, imyenge, gushushanya, guturika, gutobora nizindi nenge. Kwinjiza slag ntoya irashobora gusohoka binyuze mumurongo wumukandara ukora, ariko bizatera ibimenyetso byamapera hejuru yumwirondoro, bikavamo uburebure bwimyanda runaka. kwizirika mumurongo wumukandara wakazi kandi ntushobora kuvaho, bizatera gucomeka cyangwa ibicuruzwa kumeneka no gusimbuza ifumbire, bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kumusaruro. Koresha padi ihuye mugihe urambuye kandi ugororotse kugirango ugabanye uburebure bwumutwe numurizo ibikoresho.
Umwirondoro muburyo bwo kugorora, ibigo byinshi ntibishushanya umusego uhuye, cyane cyane bimwe binini binini bimanikwa hamwe numwirondoro wuzuye.Nkigisubizo, guhindura umutwe numurizo wumwirondoro ni munini cyane, kandi igice cyo guhindura ibintu kigomba gucibwa mugihe kubona ibicuruzwa byarangiye.Ibi byatumye igabanuka ryibiciro byibicuruzwa byarangiye.
Umusego urashobora gukorwa mubiti cyangwa aluminiyumu.Igishushanyo kigabanya ubunini bwigitambaro kandi cyongera ubunini bwacyo.Ku rukuta rurerure no gufunga igice cyumwirondoro, kugorora mu cyuho gifunze muri padi ariko nanone ugashyira ikadiri yingoboka mugice cyurukuta.Ibyo, deformasiyo muri icyerekezo cy'uburebure kiragabanuka.Ibikoresho bigomba gutegurwa, gucungwa no kuyoborwa n'abakozi badasanzwe.
Muri icyo gihe, kugira ngo twirinde ko abakozi badashaka gukoresha umusego kubera ibibazo, tugomba gushyiraho uburyo bwo guhemba no guhana ko igipimo cy’ibicuruzwa cyarangiye gifitanye isano n’umushahara.
Shimangira imicungire ya extrusion ipfa nibikorwa byumwimerere byerekana umwirondoro wa aluminium.
Ikarita yububiko hamwe nibikorwa byumwimerere byakozwe ni ngombwa cyane.Ikarita yububiko igomba kuba ishobora kwerekana rwose nitriding yimiterere, uko ibintu byifashe hamwe nibintu bifatika.Inyandiko yumwimerere igomba kuba ishobora kwerekana rwose ko uburemere bwinkunga, uburebure bwa casting hamwe nubunini bitanga ishingiro ryizewe kubikorwa bizakurikiraho.
Ubu ibigo byinshi byanabonye imicungire yamakuru ya mudasobwa, ariko haracyari inzira ndende yo gukoresha mubyukuri.
Mugabanye imyanda ya geometrike ukoresheje afterextrusion idafite itangazamakuru
Ikibaho gihamye gishyizwe ku nkoni yo gukuramo nta gusigara gusigara, kandi byombi bihindurwa ku rugero runaka.Iyo silinderi yo gusohora idasubiye inyuma, igitutu cyumuvuduko nacyo cyoroshye gutandukanya ingot.Ingingo ikurikira irahita isunikwa neza muri karitsiye yo gukuramo. Yerekanwe hamwe nibisigaye bya ingot yabanjirije iyi, bityo ukirinda gukenera kogosha buri ingot inshuro imwe. Ukurikije ibisabwa byujuje ubuziranenge hamwe nubunini bwateganijwe kugirango umenye umubare wimashini zogosha.Ubusanzwe ibice 40-50 byaciwe kuri a igihe.
Hindura uburyo bwo gukuramo imyirondoro ya aluminium kugirango ugabanye imyanda ya tekiniki
Hariho ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kubikorwa byo gusohora imyanda ya tekiniki, ikubiyemo inzira zose zibyara umusaruro. Ahanini harimo: ubwiza bwa ingot, ubushyuhe bwibikorwa, umuvuduko wo gukuramo, ibikoresho byo gukuramo, gupfa, kwimura imizigo no gupakurura, kuvura gusaza, nibindi. guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, rishingiye ku buhanga, ariko kandi rikanashyirwa mu bikorwa neza uburyo bwo gukora, kuzamura ubumenyi bw'abakozi no kumva ko bafite inshingano.
Mugihe gishoboka kugirango ugabanye umusaruro utandukanye kuri buri mwanya, nibyiza gutondekanya ubwoko 3-5 gusa kuri buri mwanya, kugirango utezimbere umusaruro wurwego rumwe. Ubwoko bwinshi kumashini, aluminiyumu ninshi izaba myinshi yakuweho, igabanuka ry'umusaruro.
Ingaruka yibibumbano ku musaruro iri mubice bibiri: ikizamini gishya no gukoresha ibicuruzwa
Inshuro nyinshi igeragezwa ryageragejwe, niko aluminiyumu irushaho gukurwaho, kandi umusaruro ukagabanuka.Nuko rero tugomba kunoza igishushanyo mbonera n’umusaruro wububiko.
Umusaruro wububiko ugomba kubungabungwa neza, nitriding ishyize mu gaciro, kubungabunga igihe. Menya neza ko buri gihe ku mashini yujuje ibyangombwa ari hejuru.Gushushanya neza kandi biramba cyane.Niba buri gihindagurika bitewe no gufata neza ibyuho bitujuje ibyangombwa, bikavamo amoko 3-4 yo kunanirwa gukora imashini? , igipimo cyibicuruzwa byarangiye bizagabanywa byibuze amanota rimwe.
Ibikoresho byo gukuramo aluminiyumu birimo: silinderi yo gukuramo, inkoni yo gukuramo, ikariso yo gukuramo, ipfa, n'ibindi. Byinshi kugirango tumenye neza ko silinderi yo gukuramo, inkoni, ibumba ibintu bitatu byibanze. Icyakabiri, gufata neza silinderi yo gusohora, gushyushya neza, kugirango urebe ko imperuka hejuru ya silinderi iroroshye. Kuraho ubwoko bwose bwa silinderi yo gusohora hanyuma upfe hamwe nibintu bibi. Kuramo aluminiyumu isigaye kurukuta rwimbere rwa silinderi ya buri gihe, urebe niba urukuta rwimbere rwangiritse, koresha ipaki yapfuye neza, kandi kunoza imbaraga zo gushyigikira urupfu.
Ubushyuhe bukabije, umuvuduko wo gukuramo no gukonjesha bitatu, kumiterere yibicuruzwa, imiterere yubukanishi, ubwiza bwubuso bugira ingaruka zikomeye, nabyo bizagira ingaruka kumusaruro. Byongeye kandi, bitatu bizagira ingaruka kuburebure bwibicuruzwa, ubushyuhe bwinkoni ni hejuru, umuvuduko wo kwihuta urihuta, igipimo cyo gukonjesha ni gito, bizakora uburebure bwibicuruzwa nyuma yo kwiyongera, umuvuduko wubwiyongere urashobora kugera kuri 0.5% - 1%, binagira ingaruka kumurongo wuburambe, bityo inzira ihamye irashobora kuzamura umusaruro.
Kunoza inzira yo gukuramo nyuma kugirango wirinde imyanda ya tekiniki.Kuvuga inzira ikurikira yo gutwara, cyane cyane witondere umwirondoro wigishushanyo.
Umuntu apfa gukuramo ibintu arashobora kuzamura umusaruro wibicuruzwa byarangiye.
Kubicuruzwa bimwe bikwiranye no gusohora umwuka mwinshi, uko bishoboka kwose ukoresheje ibibyimba byinshi, ntibishobora kugabanya gusa coefficient de l'hrée, kugabanya no kotsa igitutu, ariko kandi birashobora no kongera umusaruro.Mu bihe byerekana ko imyanda ya tekiniki ari zeru, umusaruro wa gukuramo umwobo wikubye kabiri birashobora kwiyongeraho 3% ~ 4% kurenza iy'umwobo umwe.
Umuvuduko wo gukuramo ni ikintu cyingenzi mubikorwa byingenzi byo gukuramo, bifitanye isano nubwiza bwibicuruzwa no gukora neza.Umuvuduko wo kwinjizamo ntabwo ari nko kumenya ubushyuhe bwibikorwa, ubwoko bwimvange uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bushobora guhitamo ubushyuhe, kandi umuvuduko wo gusohora ni ibintu bifatika cyane.Igicuruzwa kimwe kigira ingaruka kumihindagurikire yubushyuhe mubikorwa byo gukuramo, kandi umuvuduko wo gusohora uratandukanye mbere na nyuma yo gusohora.Kugenzura neza umuvuduko wo gusohora, bigomba kuba:
Ufite ubuhanga kandi bworoshye gufata intera yumuvuduko wo gusohora ibintu bitandukanye, ibice bitandukanye (harimo nuburebure bwurukuta), kandi witondere ingaruka zumuvuduko wo gusohora kumwirondoro wa aluminium, nkubuziranenge bwubuso, impamyabumenyi, nibindi.
Umenyereye kubushobozi bwibikoresho byo gukuramo kugirango bigenzure umuvuduko wo gusohora.Bamwe mubasohoka bahora bafite igenzura rya extrusion hamwe na PLC igenzura, bamwe bafite igenzura rya PLC gusa, nabandi ntibabifite. hamwe no kugabanuka gahoro gahoro fagitire muri silinderi yo gukuramo, umuvuduko wo gusohora uragabanuka, umuvuduko wo gusohoka wibicuruzwa uzihuta kandi byihuse, rimwe na rimwe ukora ibicuruzwa nyuma yo gucika. Kubwibyo, birakenewe guhindura umuvuduko wo gusohora.Gusa na gusobanukirwa uko ibikoresho byifashe birashobora kwihuta gusohora no kugenzurwa neza.
Sobanukirwa n'ingaruka zububiko butandukanye kumuvuduko wo gusohora. Muri rusange, umuvuduko wo gukuramo ibipimo bipfa gupfa (umwirondoro ukomeye) urenze uwupfa gupfa (umwirondoro wuzuye) .Ariko ubwoko bumwe bwububiko, imiterere imwe yibicuruzwa, kubera igishushanyo nogukora urwego ruratandukanye, umuvuduko wo gukuramo uratandukanye.Mu buryo bwihariye, igice gifite itandukaniro ryubunini bwurukuta, cyangwa igice cya-hollow umwirondoro hamwe nugukingura, bifitanye isano ikomeye nububiko.Gusa umuvuduko runaka wo gukuramo wateguwe nububiko nibyiza.Umuvuduko urihuta cyane cyangwa utinda cyane, kandi biroroshye kubyara kugoreka no gufungura no gufunga.
Mugabanye kubyara imyanda ushimangira ubugenzuzi bwambere no kugenzura inzira
Ibipimo by'ibicuruzwa bya aluminiyumu, nk'ubunini bw'urukuta kubera kwihanganira, kugoreka, gukuraho indege, gufungura cyangwa gufunga, n'ibindi, ahanini biterwa n'inkoni ya mbere nyuma yo gupimwa ibishushanyo byakozwe n'ukuboko kwakiriye mu igenzura ry'isohoka hamwe n'umugenzuzi w'ubuziranenge. mu igenzura rikaze kugirango hirindwe kubyara ibicuruzwa nkibi.Kwihanganira ubwinshi bwurukuta rugomba kugenzurwa no kwihanganira ibintu bibi, kuko hamwe nogukomeza gukora ibicuruzwa, uburebure bwurukuta rwibicuruzwa bizagenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro kubera kwambara buhoro buhoro yububiko.Ku mwirondoro munini wurukuta, mugihe ushushanya no kugorora kugirango ugenzure neza igishushanyo, genzura urugero rwiza rwo kurambura.
Imyanda yo hejuru nkibishushanyo, ibishishwa bya orange, tissue, ibibara byirabura, ibituba, akenshi ntabwo ibicuruzwa byose byumuzi bigaragara.Ni ngombwa ko dusuzumisha hamwe ukoresheje nyirubwite, umugenzuzi w’ubuziranenge hamwe nuburyo bwo kubona ibicuruzwa birambuye, hamwe no kugenzura ikurwaho ry'imyanda hejuru.
Niba umugenzuzi wubuziranenge adasanze ibishushanyo biri kumeza yasohotse, agasanga ibishushanyo ku bicuruzwa byarangiye iyo abibonye, birakenewe ko ugenzura uhereye kumihindagurikire yigitanda gikonje kugirango urebe niba ibice bimwe byumukandara wubwikorezi, umucukuzi nibindi. birakomeye kandi bigaragara, bivamo gushushanya.
Gucunga ubuziranenge nubuyobozi bwabakozi bose nibikorwa byose.Buri nzira igomba kuba ifite ireme ryiza, kugirango kwisuzumisha, kugenzura hamwe no kugenzura bidasanzwe bishobora guhurizwa hamwe, kugirango bikureho neza imyanda ya tekiniki mu gihingwa. Kugenzura ibihangano no kuzamura umusaruro.
Binyuze mu ngamba zavuzwe haruguru zirashobora kugabanya imyanda ya geometrike, birashobora kugaragara ko kugabanya imyanda ya geometrike ari ingamba zingenzi zo gucunga tekinike ku nganda, zifite akamaro gakomeye mu nyungu z’ubukungu.
Kunoza umusaruro wa fagitire ya aluminiyumu ni ukurangiza kandi witonze ibikorwa byakazi byo gutunganya ibicuruzwa, ntabwo tekiniki gusa igomba kuba ihari, ariko kandi nubuyobozi bugomba kuba buhari. Haracyariho ibyumba byinshi byerekana umwirondoro wa aluminium y'Ubushinwa ibigo bitezimbere umusaruro, umusaruro uzaba inzira ihoraho, kuzamura umusaruro no kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa, umusaruro urahuzwa cyane.Ni ikoranabuhanga ryumushinga nu rwego rwo gucunga neza ibintu byose.
Kunoza umusaruro wa aluminiyumu yamabara
Umusaruro wa okiside ni umusaruro wumusaruro umwe, ni ukuvuga umusaruro wumusaruro umwe utarinze gukora.Ukurikije imyitozo yo kubyaza umusaruro, ikiguzi cyimyirondoro yakozwe cyikubye inshuro 3 icy'umwirondoro udakorewe, kandi ubwiza bw’imiterere ntibushobora kwizerwa.Byumvikane ko ubwiza bwibicuruzwa bya okiside bitangirira mu mahugurwa ya casting.Bitewe n’ibibuza umwanya, ibikurikira ni ikiganiro kigufi kijyanye na bimwe bigomba kwitabwaho mugikorwa cya okiside.
Imigozi iri hagati yinkoni imanikwa nigiti kiyobora igomba gukomera.Mbere yo guhambira ibikoresho, tugomba kubanza gusuzuma niba inkoni imanikwa irekuye.Niba irekuye gato, igomba gukomera mugihe.Ikindi cyangirika, inkoni imanikwa izaba nto, igomba gusimburwa mugihe, kuko agace kayo kayobora ni nto, byoroshye gutera ubushyuhe, icyarimwe guhambira, gukumira the umwirondoro ugwa mumwanya watewe na pole, imiyoboro ngufi yangiritse kumashanyarazi.
Muri icyo gihe, kugwa mu mwirondoro w'ikigega bigomba gusukurwa mu gihe gikwiye, nk'ikigega cyo gukaraba cya alkali mu mwirondoro, kizahita cyangirika, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko kunywa alkali bihwanye no gukaraba alkali ya 50-100 umuzi wumwirondoro wokoresha alkali. Kugwa mukigega cyamabara cyangwa ikigega cyo gufunga, kubera kwangirika, ikigega kizarundanya ion nyinshi za aluminiyumu, bigira ingaruka mubuzima bwamazi ya tank.
Guhambira ibikoresho hamwe na aluminiyumu hamwe nubwoko bubiri bwihariye nibyiza, aniseed kugirango uhitemo insinga ya aluminiyumu yoroheje, ibikoresho bito n'ibiciriritse bikoreshwa mumashanyarazi meza ya aluminium, birashobora gukoreshwa 2mm na 3mm, cyangwa 2.2mm na 3.2mm ubwoko bubiri bwihariye, aluminium wire annealing gukomera bifata 1/2 ~ 3/4 nibyiza.Ubu, ibigo byinshi byahinduwe jig.
Mbere yo kumanika mu kigega cya okiside kugirango ushimangire buri mwirondoro; Ibikoresho byo gukora mbere yo okiside yibikoresho, gukoresha pliers kugirango ukubite impera yumwirondoro kugirango uhindurwe mbere yibikoresho, kugirango umubonano udafite firime, kugirango habeho neza. .
Andika ibikoresho bimanikwa mu kigega cya okiside hamwe nintebe yo kuyobora amabara bigomba kwitondera iburyo, bitabaye ibyo bikunze gutandukana na Yin na Yang.
Nyuma yo kurangiza imbaraga za okiside ihagaritswe mugihe, guma muri tank ya okiside muminota mike bizagira ingaruka kumwobo wafunze, bizanatuma umuvuduko wamabara; Nyuma ya okiside, irazamurwa kandi ihengamye mukirere igihe kirekire.Impera imwe ya acide igabanya igisubizo cyijimye kubera kwaguka kwinshi kwa firime ya oxyde, kandi itandukaniro ryamabara kumpande zombi biroroshye kugaragara.
Agaciro pH k'ibigega bine byoza amazi mbere na nyuma yikigega cyamabara bigomba guhora bihamye.Agaciro pH k'ibigega bine bisanzwe byo gukaraba bigenzurwa kuburyo bukurikira:
Agaciro pH kwoga amazi yambere nyuma ya okiside: 0.8 ~ 1.5
Agaciro pH kwoga amazi ya kabiri nyuma ya okiside: 2.5 ~ 3.5
Agaciro pH kogesha amazi yambere nyuma yo kurangi: 1.5 ~ 2.5
Agaciro pH k'ikigega cya kabiri cyo gukaraba nyuma yo kurangi: 3.5 ~ 5.0
Mubihe bisanzwe, umubare munini wamazi yuzuye arafungurwa mugihe cyumusaruro, na valve yinjira irafungwa mugihe umusaruro uhagaritswe.Ntigomba gukuramo cyangwa kongeramo amazi muri tank yose.Amazi aramutse agumye mu kigega cya mbere cyo gukaraba nyuma ya okiside mu minota mike, umuvuduko wamabara uzihuta, kandi niba amazi agumye mukigega cya kabiri cyo gukaraba, amabara azagenda gahoro.
Kubyakozwe mubyuma byigana ibyuma byigana ibyuma, uburyo bwo gusiga amabara busanzwe bukoreshwa mbere, hanyuma bugasubira kumasahani asanzwe yamabara.Kubera itandukaniro ryibara ryibara ryicyuma cyo kwigana amabara yo kugenzura igihe ni gito cyane (amasegonda 2 ~ 3) . kuba umutuku.
Andika ibikoresho bimanikwa kumanika yamabara hanyuma ikigega cya mbere cyo gukaraba nyuma yo kurangi nyuma yo kumanika ntuhagarike umwanya wubusa ni muremure cyane, bitabaye ibyo hejuru yumwirondoro uzagaragaraho lente, ibara ritaringaniye hamwe namazi yo kurangiza ibintu byera, bigomba kuba bike kumabara ya gukurikira gukaraba mugihe, ibara ryukuri rigomba kuba mugukaraba kabiri nyuma.Muri rusange, kubintu byigana ibyuma, nkibishushanyo mbonera byerekana ibara ritukura, byerekana ko igihe cyamabara kidahagije kugirango wuzuze ibara; Niba ibara ari umuhondo .
Ongeraho uburyo bwibiyobyabwenge mubigega byamabara: sulfate itangaje na nikel sulfate igomba gushonga muri tank, kandi inyongeramusaruro yamabara igomba gushonga mumazi meza (amazi meza arashonga).Tugomba kumenya ko inyongeramusaruro ikomeye ishobora gusukwa nyuma yo gushonga burundu, kandi acide sulfurike yibanze ishobora gusukwa mukigega cyamabara.
Ubushyuhe, igihe n'amazi meza yo gukaraba amazi ashyushye mbere ya electrophoreis igomba kwemezwa.Niba SO42 isigaye- mu mwobo wa firime ya okiside idakarabye, umuhondo nubusembwa bwa firime yamabara birashobora kubaho nyuma ya electrophoreis no guteka.Mu bihe bisanzwe, ubushyuhe bwamazi ashyushye bugenzurwa kuri 60 ~ 70 and, no gukaraba amazi ashyushye igihe ni iminota 5 ~ 10.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-26-2021